is a full professor in the Faculty of Health at
The concepts of sex and gender continue to be used interchangeably despite to .
The term sex is generally used to refer to a binary of being either female or male as denoted by attributes that . Gender, on the other hand, is meant to refer to the various socially constructed roles, behaviours, expressions and identities of girls, women, boys, men and gender-diverse people.
For example: Do you want to know if a new drug was tested and approved for safe and effective use with women? . Do you want to know why women make up the majority of long-term care workers and how this impacts their lives? .
Canada is seen as a . However, there are still a variety of challenges in the . In practical terms, when health research does not include sex- and gender-based analysis, it can result in a lack of access to appropriate health information, diagnoses or care for all populations.
Canada鈥檚 longstanding commitment to sex- and gender-based analysis is noteworthy. However, this approach across federal departments and agencies.
Improving health programs for everyone
If sex- and gender-based analysis is truly aimed at advancing our understanding of the ways in which, for example, federal policies and programs are improving the health of women, men, boys, girls and gender-diverse populations, we need all federal departments and agencies to use this approach. However, , only a fraction of federal departments and agencies that committed to measures such as the have actually conducted gender-based analysis.
This lack of uptake matters because a sex- and gender-based analytical process can be used to determine how diverse groups of women, men, girls, boys and gender-diverse people are being differentially affected by .
It can be challenging to address or correct poorly developed policies after the fact by applying sex- and gender-based analysis after they鈥檝e been rolled out or applied. The point is to ensure that inequalities are addressed at the outset of our health policy development processes, and not as an afterthought or add-on to satisfy departmental reporting requirements.
One of the stated goals of sex- and gender-based analysis is to help government decision-makers 鈥� including those in the health sector 鈥� identify sex and gender considerations, such as the participation and inclusion of diverse populations. To achieve that, these issues need to be incorporated from the very beginning,
Implementing sex- and gender-based analysis
Tensions in implementing a sex- and gender-based analysis approach have been evident for a long time in the health sector. For example, in relation to 鈥渨omen鈥檚鈥� cancer screening and cancer registries, the overlooks the unique cancer diagnosis, treatment and care needs of gender-diverse populations.
In addition, can benefit from sex- and gender-based analysis. These registries collect, store, manage and analyze data on people with cancer to help with cancer surveillance, as a resource for cancer researchers and
If cancer data are collected using a gender binary of male or female patient populations, for example, this information is then fed into the cancer registry that in turn renders invisible those who identify as , transgender or other gender identity. How then can we inform cancer prevention, care, treatment and support programs or policies in such instances?
Sex is NOT gender but we continue to treat these as the same concept. We use them interchangeably. We use them in health research, health policies and health programs with dire consequences. After decades of trying, we should be able to get this right.
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